The Federal “Moving to Opportunity for Fair Housing Demonstration” is one of the most important housing experiments in American history, but the findings regarding its policy efficacy were nuanced. This project examined the neighborhood conditions of MTO participants, using a more complex definition of “opportunity,” showing that moves to high opportunity locations were seldom and often short-lived. The households with the greatest gains were often assisted by automobile mobility, reinforcing the critical links between housing assistance, employment accessibility, and regionally-focused policy measures.